本次《2020中國(guó)零售行業(yè)企業(yè)供應(yīng)鏈研究報(bào)告》由中國(guó)連鎖經(jīng)營(yíng)協(xié)會(huì)（CCFA）與普華永道中國(guó)可持續(xù)戰(zhàn)略與運(yùn)營(yíng)團(tuán)隊(duì)聯(lián)合發(fā)布。

2020年，受新冠疫情影響，我國(guó)社會(huì)消費(fèi)品零售總額為391,981億元，較2019年下降3.9%，消費(fèi)總額在保持基本穩(wěn)定的同時(shí)，與美國(guó)的差距進(jìn)一步縮小。縱觀2020全年，我國(guó)零售消費(fèi)市場(chǎng)呈現(xiàn)線上消費(fèi)增速放緩，線下消費(fèi)整體回暖的趨勢(shì)，且行業(yè)集中度進(jìn)一步提高（零售百?gòu)?qiáng)企業(yè)銷售規(guī)模占社會(huì)消費(fèi)品零售總額的比重提升）。短期來(lái)看，新冠疫情給零售行業(yè)個(gè)別業(yè)態(tài)造成的損失較大，但長(zhǎng)期不影響零售行業(yè)的整體增長(zhǎng)趨勢(shì)。

值此后疫情時(shí)代，本次調(diào)研共收集了來(lái)自32家在中國(guó)內(nèi)地市場(chǎng)經(jīng)營(yíng)的頭部零售企業(yè)和品牌商企業(yè)的供應(yīng)鏈運(yùn)營(yíng)相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)。通過(guò)歷史對(duì)比發(fā)現(xiàn)，受到疫情影響，2020年多項(xiàng)供應(yīng)鏈運(yùn)營(yíng)指標(biāo)（訂單履行率、庫(kù)存周轉(zhuǎn)天數(shù)、缺貨率、倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)物流成本等）相較2019年都有不同程度的倒退。通過(guò)與美國(guó)零售企業(yè)的橫向?qū)Ρ劝l(fā)現(xiàn)，美國(guó)零售企業(yè)受疫情影響更大（運(yùn)營(yíng)指標(biāo)倒退更為嚴(yán)重）。同時(shí)，我們看到國(guó)內(nèi)的零售企業(yè)和品牌商企業(yè)正積極嘗試在經(jīng)營(yíng)戰(zhàn)略、運(yùn)營(yíng)模式、品類策略和科技上做出改變和創(chuàng)新，來(lái)減低疫情和國(guó)際貿(mào)易的不確定性等帶來(lái)的對(duì)業(yè)務(wù)和供應(yīng)鏈的沖擊，比如零售企業(yè)和品牌商企業(yè)，都充分重視受疫情影響下供應(yīng)鏈的不確定性，希望進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)需求和供給端的預(yù)測(cè)能力。此外，本報(bào)告還新辟供應(yīng)鏈領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力調(diào)研專題和供應(yīng)鏈下沉專題。

專題調(diào)研顯示，國(guó)內(nèi)零售企業(yè)及品牌商企業(yè)正在響應(yīng)5G時(shí)代的轉(zhuǎn)變，積極打造數(shù)字化布局，以建設(shè)更高效的供應(yīng)鏈運(yùn)營(yíng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)；在內(nèi)循環(huán)政策導(dǎo)向、居民收入水平提升和結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化的多重影響下，國(guó)內(nèi)零售企業(yè)的供應(yīng)鏈下沉趨勢(shì)明顯，冷鏈、物流等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)是進(jìn)一步下沉的關(guān)鍵，并且隨著渠道的不斷下沉與裂變，保證供應(yīng)服務(wù)水平，提升訂單滿足率是供應(yīng)鏈的重中之重。

2020 Supply Chain Study of China’s Retail Enterprises

It is an honour that PwC China's Sustainability Value Chain team and China Chain Store & Franchise Association (CCFA) published the "2020 Supply Chain Study of China’s Retail Enterprises" together. PwC Sustainability Value Chain is committed to assisting domestic and international retail enterprises to build sustainable strategy and ecosystem and to enhance competitiveness in the fierce market.

In 2020, affected by COVID-19, China's total retail sales of consumer goods amounted to RMB 39,198.1 billion, down 3.9% from 2019, with the total consumption remaining stable and further narrowing the gap with the United States. Throughout 2020, China's retail consumption market showed a slowdown in online but an overall recovery in offline consumption, with a move towards to higher concentration to top players. In short term, COVID-19 has caused significant damage to selective sectors of the retail industry, but will not affect the long-lasting growth in long term.

32 leading retailers and brand manufacturers operating in China market participated in this study and provided their supply chain KPI data. Historical comparison shows nearly all supply chain KPIs (like order fulfilment rate, inventory turnover days, out-of-stock rate, D&L costs, etc.) had regressed in various degrees in 2020 compared to 2019 due to the impact of COVID-19. The comparison also shows the US retailers were affected more severely by COVID-19 (worse in supply chain KPI).

More importantly, we see domestic retailers and brand manufacturers are actively seeking changes and innovations in their corporate strategy, operating model, product innovation and operation digitalization in purpose to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 and uncertainty of international trade on their business and supply chain, for example, all retailers and brand manufacturers in this study are fully aware of the uncertainty in their supply chain and hope to strengthen their forecast capability on both demand and supply sides. The report features two additional topics - Supply Chain Leadership Survey and Supply Chain Penetration of Low-Tiered Cities and Areas.

Supply Chain Leadership Survey shows both retailers and brand manufacturers are embracing 5G era by actively deploying digitalization to build more efficient supply chain network.

The study of Supply Chain Penetration of Low-Tiered Cities and Areas shows, under influences like Domestic Circulation, the rising income level of residents and its structural change, penetration of domestic retailers (from Tier1-2 cities) to low-tiered cities and areas is obvious, where the infrastructure construction such as logistics network and cold chain are the key foundation. And enhancing service level and order fulfilment would be top priority of supply chain management along with the continuous development of sales channels in rural areas.